The Second-Look Procedure for Transoral Videolaryngoscopic Surgery for T1 and T2 Laryngeal, Oropharyngeal, and Hypopharyngeal Cancer Patients: Protocol for a Nonrandomized Clinical Trial
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Transoral videolaryngoscopic surgery (TOVS) has been widely applied for early T stage head and neck cancer. The resection is performed with a minimum safety margin for function preservation under a limited surgical field of view, making it difficult to be certain of complete resection. OBJECTIVE: Our aim is the evaluation of the completeness of resection by initial TOVS resection, and the possibility of primary control by TOVS alone, allowing for repeat procedures for function preserving treatment in early T stage laryngeal, oropharyngeal, and hypopharyngeal cancer patients. METHODS: Patients are treated by TOVS for the primary site with or without neck dissection. Patients are divided in two groups based on the results of the pathological evaluation of the surgical specimen; the control group in which the resection is considered to be complete, and the intervention (second-look procedure) group in which incomplete tumor resection is suspected. The predictive factors for the possibility of complete resection by TOVS will then be analyzed. RESULTS: Patient enrollment started on January 1, 2014, and closed on March 31, 2016, with 54 patients. The control group consists of 27 patients, the intervention group is 21 patients, and 6 patients were excluded. There were no clinical differences between the control and intervention groups. The observation period will end on December 31, 2018. CONCLUSIONS: TOVS has potential for both definitive resection and function preservation with minimal invasiveness. Identifying the limitations of TOVS is beneficial to ensure accurate treatment selection in early T stage head and neck cancer patients. TRIAL REGISTRATION: UMIN Clinical Trials Registry: UMIN000012485; https://upload.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr_e/ctr_view.cgi? recptno=R000014472 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6v1b741Iw).
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.010 | 0.008 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.005 | 0.002 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.004 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.029 | 0.005 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".