Pattern reversal visual evoked potentials in adults: variability with age
Bibliographic record
Abstract
PURPOSE: Pattern reversal visual evoked potential (PRVEP) is an electrophysiological test for evaluating the visual pathway. This study measured the changes in the latencies and amplitudes of the PRVEP with age and gender in normal subjects. METHODS: Healthy participants (n=81; 162 total eyes), between the ages of 20 and 92 years were recruited for the study. Stimulation was performed monocularly with a high-contrast (>50%) black-white checkerboard pattern with a check size of 30° at a reversal rate of 2 Hz, a band-pass of 1-100 Hz, a sweep of 250 msec and an average of 150 stimulations in a dark room. Mean and standard deviations for three latencies (N75, P100 and N145) and the amplitude (N75-P100) for each decade were measured. RESULTS: There was a linear trend by age for all three latencies, indicating that the higher age groups had longer latencies. The latencies decreased in the 5th decade before increasing in the higher age groups. The amplitude of N75-P100 decreased with age. The P100 latencies were longer in males than females in all age groups and the difference increased with increasing age.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".