Effect of Laser Wavelengths on Drug Release with and without Gold Nanoshells and Magnetic Guidance on Uptake by Cancer Cells
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Liposomes containing Au coated Fe 3 O 4 referred to as magnetoplasmonic liposomes (MPL) and doxorubicin (L-Dox) are fabricated to investigate the effects of continuous and pulsed laser wavelengths on drug release from liposomes and magnetic guidance on the uptake of MPL by cancer cell line.Fluorescence microscopy was used to evaluate the apoptosis effect.A maximum temperature of about 6°C was achieved after 400 s for liposomes containing (magnetoplasmonic nanoshells) MPNSs at 100 µg/ml using 514 nm laser.Drug release of almost 100% at saturation point is obtained for MPL-DOX using 532 nm and 514 nm and about 80% and 65% in the case L-DOX for 532 nm and 514 nm lasers, respectively.For cytotoxicity measurement, one control and two treatment groups are studied.The first treatment groups are: with MPNS, with MPL, and laser irradiation.The second treatment groups are: laser hyperthermia using MPL, MPL with magnetic field (MF), MPL-DOX, and MPL-DOX with magnetic field (MF).The pulsed 532 nm laser produced higher cancer cells death i.e., lower viability in comparison to (continuous wave) CW 514 nm laser.Fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-conjugated Annexin-V is used to detect cellular morphological changes at both wavelengths during the apoptosis process due to its ability of binding to phosphatidylserine at the outer surface of plasma membrane.The formulation of MPL-DOX-MF is shown to be a potential system for combined magnetically guided photothermo-chemotherapy of cancer.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".