FRP Properties Effect on Numerical Deformations in FRP Bars-Reinforced Concrete Elements in Hot Zone
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) bars exhibit higher thermal properties in transverse direction with respect to concrete. This difference in transverse thermal properties between FRP and concrete may affect transverse thermal deformations and consequently cracking thermal loadings producing failure of concrete cover. This paper presents a numerical study to investigate the effect of thermal and mechanical properties of FRP bars on circumferential thermal deformations of concrete cylinders axially reinforced with FRP bars under temperature increase up to 60°C using nonlinear finite element models. For concrete in tension, a stress–strain relationship with tension softening is used. Whereas, unidirectional FRP bar behavior is considered linear elastic/brittle. The numerical simulation results show significant effects of FRP bars-transverse elasticity modulus on the evolution of transverse thermal deformations in concrete cylinders reinforced with FRP bars under the temperature increase.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".