Electrolysis of Gaseous CO<sub>2</sub> to CO in a Flow Cell with a Bipolar Membrane
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The conversion of CO 2 to CO is demonstrated in an electrolyzer flow cell containing a bipolar membrane at current densities of 200 mA/cm 2 with a Faradaic efficiency of 50%. Electrolysis was carried out by delivering gaseous CO 2 at the cathode with a silver catalyst integrated in a carbon-based gas diffusion layer. Nonprecious nickel foam in a strongly alkaline electrolyte (1 M NaOH) was used to mediate the anode reaction. While a configuration where the anode and cathode were separated by only a bipolar membrane was found to be unfavorable for robust CO 2 reduction, a modified configuration with a solid-supported aqueous layer inserted between the silver-based catalyst layer and the bipolar membrane enhanced the cathode selectivity for CO 2 reduction to CO. We report higher current densities (200 mA/cm 2 ) than previously reported for gas-phase CO 2 to CO electrolysis and demonstrate the dependence of long-term stability on adequate hydration of the CO 2 inlet stream.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".