Nourishing Relations: Controversy over the Conga Mining Project in Northern Peru
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This article extends debates on ontological multiplicity and considers the potential and limitations of this analytical lens for understanding the dynamics of mining activity in Cajamarca, Peru. Peasant farmers from El Tambo organised themselves to protect the lagoons in the Conga project area. We examine different conceptions of ‘nourishment’ to understand people’s relationship with land and water, and the company’s environmental management plans, including a proposal to replace the lagoons with artificial reservoirs. Competing ‘designs on the land’ reveal complex relations among humans and elements of the environment, which are re-created and transformed in situations of conflict. Ethnographic attention to designs on the land elucidates the processes through which ontologies or ‘worlds’ are made. We emphasise the connection between past practices and recent events, recognising people’s long-standing relationships and commitments to the land without ignoring the political creativity that made the lagoons into a source of life to be defended.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.007 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.017 | 0.011 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.006 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".