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Record W2782825978

KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICE TOWARDS DISCARDING UNWANTED HOUSEHOLD MEDICINES AMONG UNIVERSITY STUDENTS IN WESTERN REGION, KSA

2014· article· en· W2782825978 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

aboutThe title or abstract carries a Canadian signal from the geographic lexicon.
no affNo Canadian affiliation: this work is invisible to an affiliation-only frame.
No Canadian affiliation. An affiliation-only frame, the usual design, would never have seen this work. It is one of the works that make the case for inverting the frame.

Bibliographic record

VenueInternational Journal of Pharmacy · 2014
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldMedicine
TopicHealthcare and Environmental Waste Management
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsDispose patternQuarter (Canadian coin)Environmental healthSystematic samplingDrugMedicineBusinessFamily medicineGeographyEngineeringWaste managementPharmacology
DOInot available

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Impropriate disposal of medicines can lead to increase security, health and environmental risks. In this study, we evaluated the awareness and pattern of practice regarding drug disposal among university students in the Western Region of Saudi Arabia. A Cross-sectional research design using convenience sampling technique was used in this study. 1446 respondents successfully responded to this study.More than Three quarter (76.9%) of which have had the experience of discarding drugs. Discarding unwanted medicines via household waste baskets was the most popular method followed by disposing drugs via drainage. Only a quarter of respondents have previously received information about how to dispose medicines. Drug dosage form and amount of drug were important factors.Low awareness level of respondents and the lack of systems instructing the re-collection of unwanted household medicines may be the main reasons linked to theirrational method of drug disposal. Not failing the importance of awareness programs, introducing such drug-disposal systems would improve the outcomes.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.001
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: Observational
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.155
Threshold uncertainty score0.324

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0010.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.057
GPT teacher head0.394
Teacher spread0.337 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it