Politics, power and republicanism in Florentine Renaissance: Donato Giannotti. History of the edition and of the European circulation of his essay upon venetian constitution
Bibliographic record
Abstract
italianoIl mio saggio e dedicato principalmente al Libro della repubblica de’Vinitiani, pubblicato nel 1540 da Donato Giannotti a Roma per i tipi di Blado. Giannotti fu un importante testimone della tradizione repubblicana fiorentina. Nato a Firenze nel 1492, egli studio presso i grandi maestri dell’umanesimo, fra i quali Francesco Cattani da Diacceto e Marcello Virgilio Adriani. Da Diacceto eredito una profonda conoscenza per la filosofia aristotelica, che fu fondamentale per i suoi scritti politici L’incontro con Niccolo Machiavelli, avvenuto nelle riunioni che si svolgevano presso i giardini di casa Rucellai si rivelo anche determinante per la formazione del giovane Donato. L’ex Segretario fiorentino divenne suo amico e suo riferimento culturale. Egli fu profondamente influenzato dai Discorsi, letti nel contesto degli Orti Oricellari. Giannotti, a differenza di Machiavelli, aveva una grande ammirazione per il sistema istituzionale veneziano, essendo la “Serenissima” un modello contemporaneo di repubblica. Decise quindi di soggiornare nella citta e presso l’ateneo patavino e di scrivere il Libro de la repubblica de’Vinitiani, dedicato al funzionamento delle magistrature della citta lagunare. Questa fu l’unica opera pubblicata durante la vita dell’autore. Ebbe molte edizioni nella penisola italiana e numerose traduzioni in lingua tedesca, di cui si da conto nel saggio. La prima traduzione fu pubblicata da Hans Kilian nel 1557, quando ancora Giannotti era in vita. Venne anche data alle stampe nel 1631 in latino a Leida, divenendo fruibile per un pubblico europeo. Non mancarono infatti un’edizione in olandese e citazioni nel mondo culturale britannico. Giannotti scrisse molte altre opere delle quali si da brevemente cenno in questo scritto. Tra le maggiori si ricorda Della repubblica fiorentina, proposta costituzionale per Firenze, alla quale l’autore lavoro in differenti redazioni. Naufragato un progetto di edizione francese per cura di Jacopo Corbinelli, anche per l’esitanze dell’autore stesso, l’opera venne pubblicata solo nel 1721. Giannotti fu Segretario dei Dieci nell’ultima repubblica fiorentina (1527-1530). In seguito alla sconfitta del fronte repubblicano decise, dopo un periodo in carcere e qualche incertezza, dettata dalla speranza che Clemente VII potesse dare un ordine accettabile alle istituzioni fiorentine, di aderire al nutrito fronte del fuoriuscitismo e di concludere la sua vita in esilio. Mantenne pero un costante interesse per le vicende storico-politiche fiorentine e toscane, nonche l’impegno a propagandare i valori ed i simboli del repubblicanesimo italiano. Questo saggio trae origine dalla mia re- lazione tenuta nell’ambito della sessione organizzata dalla prof.ssa Suzanne Magnanini (University of Colorado) nell’ambito della conferenza annuale della Sixteenth Century Society (Vancouver, 24 ottobre 2015) EnglishMy essay focuses mainly on Donato Giannotti’s book upon Venice. He witnessed with his works, and above all, thanks to the translation of Libro de la Republica de’Vintiani the republican Italian tradition throughout Europe. Giannotti was Machiavelli’s good friend and one of his most important disciple. He was born in Florence in 1492 and he died in Rome in 1573. He attended the lessons of Marcello Virgilio Adriani and of Francesco Cattani da Diaccetto, receiving a deep philosophical education under the teachings of Florentine humanism. Due to the lesson of Diacceto, Giannotti accrued a strong interest and admiration for the political theories of Aristotle. He took part in the meetings of Florentine intellectuals at Rucellai’s gardens, the so called Rucellai gardens, during its second period (1516-22), at the time when Niccolo Machiavelli explained the Roman republican model, reading a draft of his great masterpiece that he was writing at the time, the Discourses upon the first ten books of Titus Livy. Giannotti became a close friend and a follower of Machiavelli’s ideas, even if his republican beliefs were different form the ones of his great master and friend. He was also convinced of the necessity of establishing a Res publica mixta in Florence, but he preferred the example of Venetian constitution, to the Roman constitution described by Machiavelli. His political theories were mostly in favor of the Aristotelian-Polybian model of mixed Constitution. He wrote about this subject in an essay, Libro de la republica de Vinitiani, published in 1540. This book had been printed several times in Italian States between half 16th Century and 17th Century. It had been translated into German in 1557 by Hans Kilian. Many German editions followed after that time until the first half of 17th Century. There was a Latin Edition published in Amsterdam in 1631 and shortly afterwards a Dutch translation. My paper would like to focus on the history of the circulation of this book, that became a European success. In 1656 James Harrington, in fact, in his work The Comonwealth of Oceana, defined Giannotti’s essay as the best description of Venetian Constitution. Giannotti was also the author of Della repubblica fiorentina, an interesting proposal of a constitutional reform for Florence, which was never to come into being and remained unpublished until 1721. He was during the last Florentine republic (1527-1530) Secretary to the Ten, the same position held by Machiavelli during the former republic. After the defeat of Florentine republic (1530), he was imprisoned and he then went on a long- life exile.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".