Severity of Sacroiliitis and Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate are Associated with a Low Trabecular Bone Score in Young Male Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To examine factors related to a low trabecular bone score (TBS) and the association between TBS and vertebral fractures in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS). METHODS: One hundred patients (all male, aged < 50 yrs) who fulfilled the modified New York criteria for the classification of AS were enrolled. The TBS and bone mineral density (BMD) were assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Clinical variables, inflammatory markers, and the presence of vertebral fractures were also assessed. Sacroiliitis grade and spinal structural damage were measured using the modified New York criteria and the Stoke Ankylosing Spondylitis Spine Score (SASSS). RESULTS: The mean TBS was 1.38 ± 0.13. The TBS showed a positive correlation with BMD at the lumbar spine, femoral neck, and total hip. TBS negatively correlated with SASSS, whereas BMD at the lumbar spine showed a positive correlation. A significant decrease in TBS values was observed in patients with spinal structural damage (p = 0.001). Univariate analysis identified disease duration, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), sacroiliitis grade, and SASSS as being associated with TBS. Multivariate analysis identified ESR and sacroiliitis grade as being independently associated with TBS (p = 0.006 and p < 0.001, respectively). Ten patients had morphometric vertebral fractures. The mean TBS was lower in patients with vertebral fractures than in age-matched patients without fractures (p = 0.028). Lower TBS predicted vertebral fractures (area under curve = 0.733, cutoff = 1.311). CONCLUSION: The TBS in young male patients with AS is associated with the ESR and severity of sacroiliitis. The TBS may be useful as a tool for assessing osteoporosis in AS.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".