Out-of-Plane Behavior of Slender Reinforced Masonry Shear Walls under In-Plane Loading: Experimental Investigation
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper presents the results of a multiphase research program aimed at investigating the out-of-plane stability of slender reinforced masonry shear walls (RMSWs) under in-plane reversed-cyclic loading. The objective of this study was to evaluate the adequacy of the out-of-plane stability provisions specified in the Canadian masonry design standard, which are currently in the form of height-to-thickness (h/t) limits. For the second phase of the program, which is presented in this paper, the evaluation was carried out by experimental testing of five slender full-scale RMSW specimens with varying h/t and height-to-length aspect ratios, reinforcement ratio, detailing, and applied axial precompression stress level. The tests were conducted by applying a displacement-controlled loading protocol at the top of each specimen, without restraining the in-plane rotational degree of freedom, until the lateral load-carrying capacity of the specimen was reduced to 60% of its peak capacity. Detailed qualitative and quantitative test results are summarized in this paper. In addition, a discussion regarding key factors found to affect the out-of-plane stability of RMSWs is presented. Preliminary findings suggest that the current Canadian masonry design standard h/t limits may be potentially conservative if used alone to assess the out-of-plane stability of RMSWs.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it