CFD simulation of hydrodynamics characteristics in a tank stirred by a hollow self‐inducing impeller
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Hollow self‐inducing impellers are often used in gas‐liquid stirred tanks in many industrial processes. To understand the hydrodynamics characteristics of this type of stirred tank under aerated and unaerated conditions, a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation study was conducted. The predicted gas self‐inducing flow rate, power consumption, and impeller power number were compared with the experimental data in the literature and discussed. Under unaerated conditions, liquid level in the hollow shaft relies on the impeller speed, and is slightly influenced by the impeller clearance. Self‐inducing impeller power number remains almost unchanged with impeller speed, while increasing with the rise of the impeller clearance. Under aerated conditions, gas is easy to accumulate in the centre of the upper and lower circulation loops. Gas self‐inducing flow rate, global gas holdup, and power consumption increase with higher impeller speed. The critical impeller speed for gas self‐induction decreases with higher impeller clearance. At the same impeller speed, gas self‐inducing flow rate and global gas holdup increase, while power consumption reduces with increasing of impeller clearance.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".