Power line communication design and implementation over distribution transformers
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Recently, communication requirements assumed a greater importance following interest in smart grid and cities. This type of communication is simply aimed to facilitate a wide range of applications, i.e. from metering to protection purposes. The traditional power line communication (PLC) has been used for many years over high voltage power lines but there is a need for expanding PLC applications for a more reliable operation of smart grids. For this purpose, this paper seeks to examine PLC application at the medium and low voltage sides over distribution transformers and proposes the transmission line model (TLM) technique to develop high frequency models of power apparatus (line and distribution transformer). The models are then verified by real time experiments on a distribution transformer (50kVA, 34.5/0.4 kV, 50Hz, oil insulated, delta/star connected). Laboratory experiments show that the proposed TLM model is suitable for high frequency modeling of a distribution transformer. Furthermore, the suggested technique is also compared to Matlab simulations.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".