Access Barriers to Health Services Perceived by People Living With HIV and Their Families
Bibliographic record
Abstract
INTRODUCCTION: The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a retrovirus that destroys the body's T cells. Its advanced stage is the Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS), since its onset, it has been extensively studied because of an associated burden of morbidity and also to understand the access barriers to diagnostic tests and the required treatment. Objective: To understand the barriers to access health services as perceived by adults living with HIV and their families in the city of Medellín (Colombia).METHODOLOGY: A qualitative investigation by using historical-hermeneutical approach was carried out, involving 23 participants (seropositive patients and their relatives). The information was collected through semi-structured interviews, later codified and analyzed based on Strauss and Corbin's Grounded Theory.RESULTS: In this study, the access barriers to health services as perceived by adults living with HIV and their families are represented in administrative constraints, affecting economic and interpersonal relationships as well as social nature that materialize the impact of the social stigmas created around the virus on the mental health of seropositive person and their closest affective environment.CONCLUSION: The stigma surrounding HIV leads seropositive people and their families to perceive it as a barrier to accessing cultural services, which demands greater intervention efforts by health authorities than other types of barriers in health systems.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".