Silica-supported Cu–Pt bimetallic catalysts for liquid-phase diethyl oxalate hydrogenation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Silica-supported copper catalysts were prepared by different methods, and Cu/SiO 2 prepared by the urea-assisted gel method was modified with co-catalyst platinum to obtain Cu-Pt/SiO 2 bimetallic catalysts. The prepared catalysts were characterized by nitrogen adsorption–desorption, XRD, TEM, hydrogen chemisorption, ammonia gas chemisorption, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The characterization results show that the modification of platinum is helpful to the reduction and dispersion of copper species, which increase the hydrogen uptake quantity and metal surface area. The 30%Cu–3.0%Pt/SiO 2 -6 presents the best catalytic performance in liquid-phase diethyl oxalate hydrogenation; it gives 77.32% conversion of diethyl oxalate and 94.37% selectivity to the main products under 473 K and 3.0 MPa for 4 h. A possible reaction route was also proposed.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".