Polarization Beam Splitter Based on MMI Coupler With SWG Birefringence Engineering on SOI
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We demonstrate a novel polarization beam splitter (PBS) based on a subwavelength grating (SWG) multimode interference (MMI) coupler for the silicon-on-insulator platform. The birefringence of the MMI coupler is engineered using SWG, which leads to a compact design footprint, with a device length of less than 100 μm. Our PBS has simulated extinction ratios (ERs) better than 20 dB for both polarizations over the wavelength range from 1530 to 1625 nm that covers the entire Cand L-bands. The fabricated device achieves the measured ERs larger than 20 dB at the wavelength of 1550 nm for both polarizations, and the insertion losses of 1.9 and 2.5 dB for the transverse electric (TE) and transverse magnetic (TM) polarizations, respectively, at 1550 nm. In addition, the measured ERs are larger than 14.5 dB for the TE polarization and 11.7 dB for the TM polarization over an 84-nm spectral range covering the entire C-band.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".