Fast and Accurate Tracking of Highly Deformable Heart Valves with Locally Constrained Level Sets
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper focuses on the automatic quantitative performance analysis of bioprosthetic heart valves from video footage acquired during in vitro testing. Bioprosthetic heart valves, mimicking the shape and functionality of a human heart valve, are routinely used in valve replacement procedures to substitute defective native valves. Their reliability in both functionality and durability is crucial to the patients' well-being, as such, valve designs must be rigorously tested before deployment. A key quality metric of a heart valve design is the cyclical temporal evolution of the valve's area. This metric is typically computed manually from input video data, a time-consuming and error-prone task. We propose a novel, cost-effective approach for the automatic tracking and segmentation of valve orifices that integrates a probabilistic motion boundary model into a distance regularized level set evolution formulation. The proposed method constrains the level set evolution domain using data about characteristic motion patterns of heart valves. Experiments including comparisons with two other methods demonstrate the value of the proposed approach on three levels: an improved segmented orifice shape accuracy, a greater computational efficiency, and a better ability to identify video frames with orifice area content (open valve).
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".