Ecotourism and Sustainable Rural Development in Pérez Zeledón, Costa Rica
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This article explores the contributions of ecotourism to sustainable community development in a predominately rural area of Costa Rica’s southern interior, away from the country’s more concentrated touristic regions. An ethnographic case study was undertaken in the village of San Gerardo de Rivas, the entry point for tourists who climb Costa Rica’s highest peak. Here, tourism has become a complementary source of income to agriculture. Drawing on local perspectives, an understanding emerges of how this industry has shaped environmental perspectives and practices, as well as how local people are negotiating the direction of tourism development to optimize the benefits to their community. The potential opportunities and limitations for further ecotourism industries in Pérez Zeledón are also explored, along with an assessment of other sustainable rural development options. Keywords: ecotourism; rural livelihoods; sustainable development; environmental practices; local perspectives. -------------------------------------------------------- Résumé Cet article explore les contributions de l'écotourisme au développement durable des communautés dans une zone principalement rurale du centre sud du Costa Rica, loin des régions denses en tourisme du pays. Un cas d'étude ethnographique a été entrepris dans le village de San Gerardo de Rivas, le point d'entrée pour les touristes qui escaladent le plus haut sommet du Costa Rica. Ici, le tourisme est devenu une source complémentaire de revenu dans l'agriculture. D'après les perspectives locales, une compréhension émerge sur la manière dont l'industrie a façonné les perspectives et les pratiques environnementales, ainsi que la manière dont les personnes locales négocient la direction du développement du tourisme pour optimiser les bénéfices de leur communauté. Les opportunités potentielles et les limites d'avoir plus d' industries d'écotourisme à Pérez Zeledón sont aussi explorées, en même temps qu'une évaluation d'autres options de développement durable en milieu rural.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".