Benefits and risks of neonatal bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccination among Aboriginal infants in Canada: Assessment by Markov model
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccine is given to Canadian Aboriginal neonates in communities at high risk for tuberculosis (TB). However, severe reactions and deaths associated with the vaccine have been reported among infants born with immunodeficiency syndromes. A Markov model was developed to estimate the burden of TB among Canadian Aboriginal children, evaluate the effectiveness of BCG vaccination, and estimate threshold values for severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) incidence at which a BCG program will reduce quality-adjusted life expectancy. Estimated thresholds for SCID are lower than the rate reported in one North American Aboriginal population, regardless of the assumed risk of tuberculous infection. The possibility that Canadian Aboriginal children are at increased risk for SCID has serious implications for continued BCG use in this population. In this context, enhanced TB Control---including early detection and treatment of infection---may be a safer, more effective alternative.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".