Activity gains after upper limb surgery for spasticity in patients with spinal cord injury
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Spasticity is a common and increasingly prevalent secondary complication of spinal cord injury. The aim of the study was to evaluate patient-experienced gains in prioritized activities after surgery to reduce the effects of spasticity in upper limbs in tetraplegia. The study includes evaluation of 30 operations for 27 patients performed on hypertonic tetraplegic hands during 2007-2015 using the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure. Activity performance increased at both 6 months and 12 months by a mean of 3.0 and 2.9 points, respectively. Satisfaction increased by 3.3 and 3.4, respectively. All types of activities improved, with wheelchair manoeuvring as one of the highest rated. The intervention increased prioritized activity performance and persisted at least 12 months after surgery. Patients with mild upper limb impairment showed greater improvement after surgery. After operation, patients were able to perform 71% of their prioritized activities, which they could not perform before. Patients' satisfaction with the performance was high. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: IV.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".