Climate and habitat influences on bee community structure in Western Canada
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The persistence of pollinators in a given habitat is determined in part by traits that affect their response to environmental variables. Here, we show that climate and habitat features are the main drivers of trait distribution in bees across spatially separated habitats. We determined that trait and clade filtering results in bee assemblages in Western Canada exhibiting clustering that is correlated with differences in temperature, humidity, and rainfall. Phylogenetic signals were detected in all traits associated with pollinator life-history strategies, including phenology. The Bombus Latreille, 1802 clade (including the social parasite subgenus Psithyrus Lepeletier, 1833) comprised a higher proportion of prairie bees, whereas assemblages in Garry oak sites exhibited higher representation from solitary bees (e.g., genera Osmia Panzer, 1806, Andrena Fabricius, 1775, Ceratina Latreille, 1802). Because these same traits influence which plant species are pollinated, this selective environmental occupancy within the two different habitats could promote local adaptation of flowering plant species pollinated by more social clades in prairies and more solitary bees in Garry oak.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".