Petroleum Reservoir Potential of Upper Paleozoic Sandstones in the Offshore Maritimes Basin, Eastern Canada
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The reservoir characteristics of Carboniferous-Permian sandstones in nine wells in the Maritimes Basin in eastern Canada are evaluated through compilation of core measurements and detailed petrophysical analyses of wireline well logs. The wells include Bradelle L-49, Brion Island No.1, Irishtown No.1, Cablehead E-95 and East Point E-49 in the Magdalen Basin, North Sydney F-24 and Hermine E-94 in the Sydney Basin, and Hare Bay E-21 and Verrazano L-77 in the St. Anthony Basin. Reservoir properties evaluated include lithology, porosity, permeability and water saturation. Although the average porosity and permeability of sandstones in the study wells decrease rapidly with depth, a significant percentage of sandstones have enhanced reservoir quality associated with secondary porosity development. Measured sandstone porosity values in the Magdalen Basin wells are up to 20 % to depths of 2000 m, and up to 15 % to depths of 3500 m. Sandstone porosity values in the Hare Bay well in the St Anthony Basin are up to 15 % to depths of 4500 m. Possible oil or gas zones in Carboniferous sandstones are identified from porosity and water saturation data, in all nine wells evaluated in this study. Many of the indicated petroleum zones occur in thin shaly sandstones, characterised by very low porosity and permeability. However, possible petroleum zones occur in sandstones with fair to good porosity and permeability. Based on select porosity and water saturation cutoff values (phi>7.5% and Sw<55%), possible hydrocarbon reservoirs are identified in sandstones in the Upper Carboniferous Pictou and Mabou groups and Lower Carboniferous Horton Group. The evaluated well data indicate that sandstone reservoir quality does not appear to be a major limiting factor for petroleum resource potential in many parts of the offshore Maritimes Basin. Due to the complex and varied structural and depositional history in the region, it is uncertain if the reservoir-quality patterns observed in the study data can be extrapolated across all parts of the basin.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".