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Record W2789900219 · doi:10.1111/rest.12380

Michelangelo, St Bartholomew, and northern Italy

2018· article· en· W2789900219 on OpenAlex
Sharon Gregory

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

affAt least one author lists a Canadian institution in the pinned OpenAlex snapshot.

Bibliographic record

VenueRenaissance Studies · 2018
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldArts and Humanities
TopicRenaissance and Early Modern Studies
Canadian institutionsSt. Francis Xavier University
Fundersnot available
KeywordsFrescoJudgementOriginalityArtGeniusPortraitArt historyContext (archaeology)PaintingHistoryPhilosophyPsychologyArchaeologyCreativity

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Since 1925, it has been widely accepted that Michelangelo painted his own self‐portrait into the flayed skin of St Bartholomew in the fresco of the Last Judgement. Interpretations of what this can have been intended to mean differ widely, from representing Michelangelo's desire to be freed from the constraints of the flesh, to the artist's recognition of his own Marsyas‐like audacity. It seems prudent to inquire into the origins of this motif before speculating on its meaning in the context of this fresco. Perhaps thanks to historical assertions of Michelangelo's originality and inherent genius, it is infrequently noted that Michelangelo owed a significant debt to earlier depictions of the Last Judgement. This paper aims to show that St Bartholomew is often depicted by Northern Italian artists as holding or wearing his flayed skin. Michelangelo may have become aware of these images during his northern sojourns, which included two visits to Venice.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Not applicable · Consensus signal: Not applicable
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.536
Threshold uncertainty score0.918

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0010.002
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.074
GPT teacher head0.291
Teacher spread0.217 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it