MétaCan
Menu
Back to cohort
Record W2790082036 · doi:10.18103/mra.v6i3.1710

The practical value of a life: priceless, or a CBA calculation?

2018· article· en· W2790082036 on OpenAlex
B.J.M. Ale, D. N. D. Hartford, David Slater

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

affAt least one author lists a Canadian institution in the pinned OpenAlex snapshot.

Bibliographic record

VenueMedical Research Archives · 2018
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldSocial Sciences
TopicRisk Perception and Management
Canadian institutionsBC Hydro (Canada)
Fundersnot available
KeywordsValuation (finance)Value (mathematics)StandardizationValue of lifeHuman lifeActuarial scienceRisk analysis (engineering)ConstitutionPositive economicsLaw and economicsEconomicsLawPolitical scienceBusinessMicroeconomicsMathematicsStatistics

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

In a previous paper, we discussed that the application of cost benefit analysis (CBA) often incurs setting a value to a statistical human life (VOSL). This led to decades of research into what a reasonable value should be. These evaluations of the VOSL lead to widely varying results. Rather than attempting to harmonize on an average with large margins of uncertainty, the conclusion can be drawn that indeed there is no law of nature that determines what risk is acceptable and that, therefore, a consistent valuation of a human life cannot be expected. Nor can it be expected that there is a universally valid number for the acceptability of a risk. We argue that one should accept that standardization of acceptable risks has its practical limitations given by the – lack of – similarity in nature of the activity and the nature of the risk. In fact, attempts to force standardization are counterproductive. In many cases, one has to accept the only available alternative not involving violence, which is a political debate, terminated by the more general rule of law or constitution on how to settle such a debate and then accept the decision.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.006
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.031
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesMetaresearch, Science and technology studies, Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Not applicable · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: none
Teacher disagreement score0.899
Threshold uncertainty score0.999

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0060.031
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0010.005
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0020.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.131
GPT teacher head0.528
Teacher spread0.396 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it