A randomized dose‐response trial of aerobic exercise and health‐related quality of life in colon cancer survivors
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Objective To examine the dose‐response effects of aerobic exercise on health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) among colon cancer survivors. Methods Thirty‐nine stage I to III colon cancer survivors were randomized to 1 of 3 groups: usual‐care control, 150 min·wk−1 of aerobic exercise (low‐dose) and 300 min·wk−1 of aerobic exercise (high‐dose) for 6 months. HRQoL outcomes included the Short Form (SF)‐36 physical and mental component summary, Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy‐Colorectal, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Fear of Cancer Recurrence Inventory, Fatigue Symptom Inventory, and North Central Cancer Treatment Group bowel function questionnaire, assessed at baseline and post intervention. The primary hypothesis was that exercise would improve HRQoL outcomes in a dose‐response fashion, such that high‐dose aerobic exercise would yield the largest improvements in HRQoL outcomes. Results Over 6 months, the low‐dose group completed 141 ± 10 min·wk−1 of aerobic exercise, and the high‐dose group completed 247 ± 11 min·wk−1 of aerobic exercise. Over 6 months, exercise improved the physical component summary score of the SF‐36 (Ptrend = 0.002), the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy‐Colorectal (Ptrend = 0.025), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (Ptrend = 0.049), and the Fatigue Symptom Inventory (Ptrend = 0.045) in a dose‐response fashion. Between‐group standardized mean difference effects sizes for the above‐described findings were small to moderate in magnitude (0.35–0.75). No dose‐response effects were observed for the mental component summary score of the SF‐36, the Fear of Cancer Recurrence Inventory, or bowel function. Conclusion Higher doses of aerobic exercise, up to 300 min·wk−1, improve multiple HRQoL outcomes among stage I to III colon cancer survivors. These findings provide evidence that aerobic exercise may provide multiple health benefits for colon cancer survivors.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".