The Quantity and Structural Quality of SP-A and SP-D Present in the Airways of Influenza-infected Patients
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Influenza A virus (IAV) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Surfactant proteins A and D (SP-A and SP-D) are important lung innate immune proteins and have been shown in vitro and in mice to both neutralize and enhance the clearance of various IAV strains. In this study we hypothesized that SP-A and SP-D levels will be lower in human bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluids from patients who have tested positive for influenza, as well as bacterial or fungal pathogens compared to controls. We have found that patients who have detectable IAV, bacteria or fungus have lower levels of SP-A and SP-D as detected by western blot analysis and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) when compared to controls. Also, we found minor differences in the oligomerization and no differences in the glycosylation of SP-A and SP-D among BALs that detected the proteins on a Western blot.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".