Stable isotope evidence for Amerindian subsistence in Newfoundland, 2800 B.C. to A.D. 1829
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Archaeological research has informed on the lifeways of Newfoundland’s past Amerindian populations, but their subsistence practices are still poorly understood, particular with respect to the roles played by marine and terrestrial resources. To investigate Amerindian diet, isotope ratios (δ¹³Ccoll, δ¹⁵Ncoll) were measured in 86 skeletons from the Maritime Archaic site of Port au Choix-3 (4500 – 4000 cal B.P.), and in 29 skeletons from 12 Recent Indian/Beothuk sites (AD 1000 – 1800). Whole dietary carbon was estimated by measuring carbon isotopes in the enamel of 12 Beothuk skeletons. The Maritime Archaic sample was characterized by the presence of at least two subsistence patterns: one marine-based, and the other mixed marine-terrestrial. These patterns may relate to geographic origin, or to biosocial categories. Recent Indian/Beothuk diet was revealed to be predominantly mixed marine-terrestrial in origin, but characterized by increasing amounts of terrestrial foods in the late historic period.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".