Experimental and numerical studies of premixed methane‐hydrogen/air mixtures flame propagation in closed duct
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract In order to reveal flame propagation behaviour and the mechanism of premixed methane‐hydrogen/air mixtures (PMHAM), a pressure recording device was used for testing explosion pressure with different volume fractions of methane‐hydrogen in a closed duct. Results showed that the explosion pressure and pressure rise rate increased with volume fraction up to an optimum fraction of 10 % for a maximum explosion pressure ( P max ) of 0.60 MPa and a pressure rise rate ( (dP/dt) max ) of 54.93 MPa/s. Meanwhile, a high‐speed video camera was used for testing flame propagation behaviour with the optimum fraction. Results showed that the flame propagation process consisted four dynamic stages—spherical flame, finger‐shape flame, flame touching sidewalls, and tulip flame. Comparison of the numerical and experimental results showed reasonable qualitative and quantitative agreement. Additionally, the numerical simulation was used for addressing technical difficulties of understanding the mechanism of flame propagation. The simulated results confirmed the existence of two large‐scale vortices nearby sidewalls generated by the gas‐flow reflection and back‐streaming; these increased vortices made speed of the flame front touching sidewalls exceed that of the middle, which ultimately resulted in reversal of flame front. This meant that the interactions of gas‐flow reflection, back‐streaming, and vortex motions were the immediate reason of tulip flame.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it