Near-field imaging for single-shot waveform measurements
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The accurate measurement of ultrashort pulses is necessary to optimize pulse compression for nonlinear optics and strong-field physics. Additionally, field-sensitive time-domain techniques enable measuring femtosecond and sub-femtosecond dynamics. In this paper, we introduce a single-shot measurement to characterize few-cycle fields. This polarization-sensitive time-domain measurement can retrieve the waveform of pulses shorter than two-cycles in duration with a temporal window of hundreds of femtoseconds. We measure how the field changes after propagation through dispersive optics, and we measure the sub-femtosecond phase shift imposed by the nonlinear intensity dependent response of a dielectric. Real-time field measurements will benefit low repetition rate systems used in strong-field physics and attosecond science, while the large temporal window compliments Fourier transform spectroscopy.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".