Efficacy of Single-dose Intra-articular Injection of High-molecular-weight Hyaluronic Acid in Patients suffering from Primary Osteoarthritis of Knee
Bibliographic record
Abstract
ABSTRACT Aim To find the effectiveness of single-dose intra-articular (IA) injection of high-molecular-weight hyaluronic acid (HMWHA) in patients suffering from primary osteoarthritis (OA) of knee. Study design A randomized control trial. Duration of the study One-and-a-half years, commencing from October 2014. Settings Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (PMR) Department, Regional Institute of Medical Sciences (RIMS), Imphal, Manipur, India. Study population All patients suffering from OA knee, who fulfilled the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria for classification of idiopathic OA knee and attending the department during the study period. Materials and methods Sixty-five patients were randomized to receive either visco-supplementation with single-dose IA injection of HMWHA (study group) or methylprednisolone (control group) and follow-up was done at 1, 3, and 6 months. Outcome measures were done with Western Ontario and McMaster University (WOMAC) and visual analog scale (VAS) for pain. Results Both the groups showed significant improvement in both WOMAC and VAS pain score at the end of 3 months. But at the end of 6 months, improvement in terms of WOMAC (p = 0.09) and VAS pain (p = 0.07) scores in control group was not significant, whereas the study group maintained statistically significant improvement. Conclusion A single dose of IA HMWHA is effective in reducing pain and disability in patients with primary OA of knee. How to cite this article Yengkhom JS, Nongmaithem RS, Chiru MSC, Thakur KB, Debnath U. Efficacy of Single-dose Intra-articular Injection of High-molecular-weight Hyaluronic Acid in Patients suffering from Primary Osteoarthritis of Knee. Indian J Phy Med Rehab 2017;28(3):89-94.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".