Fiber damage and impregnation during multi‐die vacuum assisted pultrusion of carbon/PEEK hybrid yarns
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Pultruded thermoplastic composites combine great mechanical properties with efficient manufacturing. However, the use of carbon commingled yarns as precursors presents two challenges: the damage induced by the process on the low ultimate strain carbon fibers and the impregnation of the fiber bed by the high‐viscosity matrix. The study outlines four major factors influencing the fiber damage: the carbon yarn tension, types of hybrid yarn used; the usage of a contact preheater and the tapered length of the pultrusion die. The yarn tension is identified as the most important parameter lowering the yarn damage. A tension of 3 N per yarn was adequate to reduce yarn damage. Two techniques are suggested as means to promote impregnation: the usage of multiple subsequent dies and the usage of vacuum. The effects of the die temperature and the pulling speed are also investigated. Void content of 1.3% was reported for the pultrusion of carbon/PEEK commingled yarns. The manufacturing parameters were four dies, vacuum, a speed of 50 mm/min, and a die system temperature of 400°C. POLYM. COMPOS., 40:E1015–E1028, 2019. © 2018 Society of Plastics Engineers
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it