Dynamics of Janus motors with microscopically reversible kinetics
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Janus motors with chemically active and inactive hemispheres can operate only under nonequilibrium conditions where detailed balance is broken by fluxes of chemical species that establish a nonequilibrium state. A microscopic model for reversible reactive collisions on a Janus motor surface is constructed and shown to satisfy detailed balance. The model is used to study Janus particle reactive dynamics in systems at equilibrium where generalized chemical rate laws that include time-dependent rate coefficients with power-law behavior are shown to describe reaction rates. While maintaining reversible reactions on the Janus catalytic hemisphere, the system is then driven into a nonequilibrium steady state by fluxes of chemical species that control the chemical affinity. The statistical properties of the self-propelled Janus motor in this nonequilibrium steady state are investigated and compared with the predictions of a fluctuating thermodynamics theory. The model has utility beyond the examples presented here, since it allows one to explore various aspects of nonequilibrium fluctuations in systems with self-diffusiophoretic motors from a microscopic perspective.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it