Bibliographic record
Abstract
Between 1996 and 2009 several different vessels conducted mutibeam surveys in the Bay of Fundy. Removal of the tidal effect and the establishment of a vertical reference were the most challenging aspects of the data reduction process. Due to the tidal range (8 to 16 metres) these effects must be removed in order for the results to be used effectively. Simply establishing gauges and measuring tides is extremely challenging, which makes this environment ideal for the use of GPS heights. Surveys conducted in 2007, 2008 and 2009 observed GPS heights during multibeam data collection. Surveys conducted prior to 2007 relied on a combination of tide gauge observations and predicted tides. The mandate for this project was to reduce the 2007 to 2009 surveys to a common Mean Sea Level (MSL) datum, and to try to incorporate surveys conducted prior to 2007. GPS heights from multibeam surveys conducted by the Creed, Matthew, Plover and Pipit in 2007, 2008 and 2009 were used to remove tidal effects and establish the vertical datum. GPS height observations were evaluated with respect to the Saint John tide gauge. GPS Tides were edited to remove sections where high-accuracy GPS solution was not available. Depths were determined relative to the International Terrestrial Reference Frame (ITRF), as established by the GPS observations. Lines where GPS heights were not available were removed from the process. Depths from each survey were used to create regular gridded surfaces at a 5X5 metre resolution. All surfaces were compared to ensure consistency in overlap areas and combined into a single surface. Three surveys conducted by the Creed prior to 2007 (without GPS heights) were included in the final surface. These included surveys conducted in 1996, 1999 and 2006. Initial tidal references were derived from predicted tides. Surfaces derived from these tidal datums were adjusted to the ITRF97 (1997 epoch) reference through a geoid-to-ellipsoid model (Canadian Spatial Reference System [CSRS] NT2). These surfaces were then compared to 2007-2009 surfaces where overlap occurred. Biases between the GPS derived ITRF surfaces and the MSL shifted surfaces ranged between 0.15 to 0.45 m. Sea Surface topography was not included in the shifting and will be included in the bias value. The standard deviation (1sigma) ranged between 0.6 and 1.6 metres. The high standard deviations can be attributed to the tidal model (Scotia Shelf) used to derive the predicted tides. Surveys conducted by the UNB OMG using the Heron were also incorporated into the final project.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".