Asymmetry of Unipolar Electrograms in a Thin Tissue with Epicardial-Endocardial Activation Delay
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Experimental evidences suggest the occurrence of epicardial-endocardial activation delays in structurally remodeled atrial tissue.Our aim was to investigate the consequences of this delay on electrogram morphology.We created a 50×50×2 mm monodomain model of atrial tissue composed of an epicardial and an endocardial layer (1 mm thickness each) with different conductivities.Plane waves with epicardial-endocardial delays were simulated.Unipolar electrograms were computed.Simulated electrogram asymmetry was compared to a theoretical formula that expresses asymmetry in terms of the angle between the equivalent dipole and the tissue surface.The results showed that electrogram asymmetry is strongly related to the sine of the angle of the equivalent dipole.Further analysis suggests that epicardialendocardial delay and transmural coupling are important determinants of asymmetry.These findings contribute to the interpretation of unipolar electrogram morphology.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".