How do Core–Shell Structure Features Impact on the Activity/Stability of the Co‐based Catalyst in Dry Reforming of Methane?
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Dry reforming of methane has been systematically investigated over a series of x ‐Co@SiO 2 ‐ y catalysts where x is the Co particle size ranging from 11.1 to 121.3 nm while y denotes the silica shell thickness ranging from 6.0 to 21.9 nm. Various techniques including TEM, XRD, H 2 ‐TPR/‐TPD, XPS, BET, O 2 ‐TPO, TG, and H 2 ‐TPSR‐MS were employed to characterize physicochemical properties of catalysts. H 2 ‐TPR and XPS results indicate that the core–shell interaction is dependent on the core size: the smaller the Co particle size is; the stronger the core–shell interaction. The investigations employing H 2 ‐TRSR‐MS and XPS on the spent catalysts demonstrated that a fraction of metallic Co was re‐oxidized on a large‐core catalyst such as 121.3‐Co@SiO 2 ‐72.2 during the reaction, and such oxidation leads to lower catalytic activity and stability. O 2 ‐TPO results indicated that the catalyst with smaller core size caused significant coking. TG analysis together with TEM investigation on the used samples suggested that carbon deposition is notably core‐size‐dependent and responsible for deactivation of the small‐core catalyst. Among various core–shell structured catalysts, 27.8‐Co@SiO 2 ‐14.3 showed superior activity and durability, owing to the well‐balanced property between coking and anti‐oxidation of Co cores.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
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Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it