Characterization of a PEDOT:PSS Electrolytic Device Using an in situ Spectroelectrochemical Technique
Bibliographic record
Abstract
PEDOT:PSS, a conjugated polymer, has demonstrated great potential in emerging applications due to its variable conductivity and spectral attenuation.However, it is necessary to understand the relationship between these properties and the doping state of PEDOT:PSS.This work uses an in situ spectroelectrochemical experiment to measure conductance and spectral attenuation of PEDOT:PSS while being dedoped quasistatically with lithium ions.Results show a reversible decrease in conductivity during dedoping with a maximum on/off ratio of 2500.The relationship between conductivity and doping state displays a sigmoidal shape with minimum conductivity at ~1.2mC of intercalated charge.Migration speed of lithium through PEDOT:PSS was found to have a power-law speed-time relationship, where the exponent was on average 0.715 for applied voltages of 2V-5V.This work provides important parameters to facilitate simulation of complex PEDOT:PSS polymer-electrolyte devices.xiv Nomenclature Boltzmann constant [J/K] Ion flux or flow rate per unit area [mol/(m 2 •s)] Diffusion coefficient [m 2 /s] Concentration [mol/m 3 ] Mobility [m 2 /(V•s)] Electric potential [V] Current density [A/m 2 ] Faraday's constant [C/mol] Charge number [unitless] Dielectric constant [unitless] Permittivity of free space [F/m] Conductivity [S/m] Sigma-bond symbol Charge [C] e Elementary charge constant [C] Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):Poly(4-styrenesulfonate) Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) Poly(styrene sulfonic acid) Ethylenedioxythiophene monomer Variable range hopping Pulsed gradient spin echo Highest occupied molecular orbital xv Lowest unoccupied molecular orbital Nuclear magnetic resonance Avogadros number [mol -1 ]
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".