Impacts of turbulent flow over a channel bed with a vegetation patch on the incipient motion of sediment
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this experimental study, the effect of a submerged vegetation patch with individual plants on the incipient motion of sediment has been examined. Results showed that a vegetation patch in the channel bed affected the incipient motion process of sediment and resulted in significant impacts on flow velocity, turbulence intensities, turbulent kinetic energy, and Reynolds stress distribution. The presence of vegetation patches completely change vertical distribution of velocity and Reynolds stress pattern and leads to negative Reynolds stress values in zones with negative velocity gradient. In the presence of a vegetation patch, threshold cross-averaged streamwise velocity is 20% smaller than that without vegetation, but because of the occurrence of the preferential path around the sheath section, the near-bed streamwise velocity is the same as without vegetation. Also, vegetation increases turbulence intensity, thus encouraging sediment motion. In the presence of a vegetation patch, the Shields parameter is, on average, one and half times that of without vegetation over the bed.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".