New options for Integrated Pest Management of Varroa destructor (Acari: Varroidae) in colonies of Apis mellifera (Hymenoptera: Apidae) under Canadian Prairie conditions
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Varroa destructor Anderson & Truman 2000 (Acari: Varroidae) is an ectoparasite of Apis mellifera L. (Hymenoptera: Apidae) that is managed using the strategy of Integrated Pest Management to prevent A. mellifera colony mortality. New miticides for the Integrated Pest Management of V. destructor were investigated under laboratory and field conditions. The commercial miticide formulations Apollo®, Floramite®, Forbid®, and Shuttle® caused significant mortality of V. destructor under laboratory conditions, and are candidates for further investigation in colonies of A. mellifera. Field testing of miticides in colonies indicated that Apivar® and formic acid continue to provide effective V. destructor management, that Thymovar® use should be limited to the fall treatment window, and that alteration of the current delivery system is necessary for the new miticide HopGuard™. The results for the laboratory and field trials demonstrate the potential for new effective treatment options to supplement currently used V. destructor Integrated Pest Management systems.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".