FABRICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF TiO<sub>2</sub> THIN FILM FOR DEVICE APPLICATIONS
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Titanium oxide (TiO2) film was deposited by rectification factor (RF) magnetron sputtering technique on glass substrates and p-Si (111) wafers to fabricate n-TiO2/p-Si heterojunction devices for the investigation of material and device properties, respectively. The structural, surface morphology, optical and electrical properties of TiO2 film were characterized by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV–visual (UV–Vis) spectral and dark current-voltage (I–V) measurement analyses. The deposited film layer was found to be homogeneous structure with crack-free surface. The bandgap value of TiO2 film was determined as 3.6[Formula: see text]eV and transmission was around 65–85% in the spectral range of 320–1100[Formula: see text]nm. The conductivity type of the deposited film was determined as n-type by hot probe method. These values make TiO2 film a suitable candidate as the n-type window layer in possible diode applications. TiO2 film was also deposited on p-Si (111) wafer to obtain Al/n-TiO2/p-Si/Al heterojunction device structure. The dark I–V characteristic was studied to determine the possible conduction mechanisms and diode parameters.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".