Sustainable management of the cereal leaf beetle, Oulema melanopus (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), a new invasive insect pest of cereal crops in western Canada
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The cereal leaf beetle, Oulema melanopus (L.) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) is a new invasive insect pest of cereals in western Canada, and has expanded its geographic range significantly throughout the region. Its establishment has economic implications for grain production, trade and export. Biological control with its principal larval parasitoid, Tetrastichus julis (Walker) (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), introduced from Europe has been the most successful management strategy in North America. In southern Alberta, the parasitoid has established naturally along with the beetle and provides an opportunity for integration of biological control with other management tactics. My investigation focused on tritrophic interactions between the cereal host plants, O. melanopus and T. julis. I investigated life histories and host preferences of O. melanopus and T. julis, their spatio-temporal distribution dynamics, and explored host-plant resistance mechanisms in exotic wheat genotypes to discern interrelations between these species. My studies on developmental patterns of O. melanopus on potential cereal hosts in western Canada (oat, wheat, barley, corn, rye and triticale) indicated that the preferences for these hosts and their utilization differed within the fundamental host range of O. melanopus. Prolonged developmental times and low survivorship on a local cultivar of oat, Waldern, indicated a potential avenue for designing strategies such as trap cropping. My studies on the biology of T. julis indicated that T. julis females prefer advanced larval instars for parasitization; such a selection lead to higher clutch size, and improved fitness. Under field conditions, the relationship of O. melanopus and T. julis indicated a tightly coupled host-natural enemy system. Tetrastichus julis exhibited strong density dependence. Host plant characteristics influenced field dynamics of O. melanopus which in turn influenced T. julis distribution. Three of the six central Asian wheat genotypes tested (NN-100, NN-78 and NN-27) were less attractive for O. melanopus oviposition and feeding and further trials on biology and fitness of the beetle suggested prolonged development and low fitness on these genotypes. This indicated presence of both antixenosis and antibiosis mechanisms. The resistant lines identified can act as effective genotypes for breeding explorations in North America.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it