Dynamic Buckling of Aboveground Storage Tanks Subjected to Hurricane-Induced Waves
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper explores the buckling behavior of a typical aboveground storage tank (AST) under wave impacts. A finite element model is first developed and validated against experimental results to determine the hydrodynamic pressure time histories on the AST from hurricane-induced waves; the characteristics of a severe wave impact are derived from numerical simulations of hurricanes in the Houston Ship Channel. The pressure time histories are then applied on a separate finite element model of the AST and its internal liquid, considering geometric and material nonlinearities. Dynamic buckling analyses are performed using the Budiansky-Roth criterion and compared with simpler buckling analysis procedures. This comparison is performed for two different internal liquids, gasoline and crude oil, and three internal liquid heights. Results indicate that the dynamic effects from wave impacts are not significant and could be reasonably omitted to estimate the critical load. Simpler static pressure models and computationally cheaper static buckling analysis methods provide, for practical purposes, an adequate estimate of the buckling strength of the AST. However, dynamic buckling analysis may still be required if the objective is to assess the post-buckling behavior and deformation of an AST under wave impacts, rather than only to estimate the critical load.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".