Maternal folic acid supplementation with vitamin B <sub>12</sub> deficiency during pregnancy and lactation affects the metabolic health of adult female offspring but is dependent on offspring diet
Bibliographic record
Abstract
ABSTRACT Epidemiologic studies have reported relationships between maternal high folate and/or low B 12 status during pregnancy and greater adiposity and insulin resistance in children. The goal of this study was to determine the effects of maternal folic acid supplementation (10 mg/kg diet), with (50 mg/kg diet) and without B 12 , on adult female offspring adiposity and glucose homeostasis. Female C57BL/6J mice were fed 1 of 3 diets from weaning and throughout breeding, pregnancy, and lactation: control (2 mg/kg diet folic acid, 50 mg/kg diet B 12 ), supplemental folic acid with no B 12 (SFA‐B 12 ), or supplemental folic acid with adequate B 12 (SFA+B 12 ). Female offspring were weaned onto the control diet or a Western diet (45% energy fat, 2 mg/kg diet folic acid, 50 mg/kg diet B 12 ) for 35 wk. After weaning, control diet‐fed offspring with SFA—B 12 dams had fasting hyperglycemia, glucose intolerance, lower p cell mass, and greater islet hepatocyte nuclear factor 1 homeobox a and nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group H member 3 mRNA than did offspring from control dams. In Western diet‐fed offspring, those with SFA—B 12 dams had lower fasting blood glucose and plasma insulin concentrations, and were smaller than control offspring. Our findings suggest that maternal folic acid supplementation with B 12 deficiency during pregnancy/lactation programs the metabolic health of adult female offspring but is dependent on offspring diet.—Henderson, A. M., Tai, D. C., Aleliunas, R. E., Aljaadi, A. M., Glier, M. B., Xu, E. E., Miller, J. W., Verchere, C. B., Green, T. J., Devlin, A. M. Maternal folic acid supplementation with vitamin B 12 deficiency during pregnancy and lactation affects the metabolic health of adult female offspring but is dependent on offspring diet. FASEB J. 32, 5039–5050 (2018). www.fasebj.org
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".