A German‐Jewish refugee in Vichy France 1939–1941. Arno Motulsky's memoir of life in the internment camps at St. Cyprien and Gurs
Bibliographic record
Abstract
1 8 b y Ha r vey M ot u ls ky an d G ai l P .J ar vi k) Arno G. Motulsky was born in Germany on July 5, 1923 and died in Seattle on January 17, 2018.Through his research, writing, and mentoring, he helped found the fields of human and medical genetics.His contributions as a scientist, physician, and mentor were enormous.His life and contributions are detailed in obituaries published by the New York Times (Grady, 2018), the American Journal of Human Genetics (Jarvik & King, 2018a,b), Genetics in Medicine (Jarvik, in press), The American Journal of Medical Genetics (Obitz, 2018), and the University of Washington (Jarvik & King, 2018a, 2018b).He was born in Fischhausen near K€ onigsberg, East Prussia to Jewish parents.When the Nazi campaign escalated, his father emigrated to Cuba.At age 16 in 1939, the young Motulsky (with his mother and younger On the deck of the St Louis in 1939.The arrow points to Arno.Photo used with permission, AP/Wide World Photo...
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.011 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".