Asthma in low-income and middle-income countries: an urgent call to action
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The global burden of asthma is significant.1 Although mortality rates have improved, recent data have suggested that even in developed economies, asthma deaths are at unacceptable levels and in many cases are associated with avoidable factors.2 3 Traditionally, asthma has been seen as a disease primarily impacting developed economies while communicable diseases were considered to be the major priority in low-income and middle-income countries. It is now recognised that chronic non-communicable diseases exert a greater impact than communicable diseases in these regions of the world.4 Despite awareness of this change in epidemiology, we currently lack robust epidemiological and health outcomes asthma data in these countries. The study by Kirenga and colleagues from Uganda fills such a gap and also highlights the importance of evaluating health outcomes in these settings.5 In this study, a cohort of 449 patients with asthma were identified and followed for 2 years documenting rates of exacerbations …
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".