SEJARAH SOSIAL PENGLIBATAN ORANG SIKH DALAM PASUKAN KESELAMATAN DI BORNEO UTARA, 1882-1949: Sosial History of the Involvement of the Sikh Community in the North Borneo Security Force, 1882-1949
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The majority of Sikhs who migrated from Punjab to North Borneo worked in the security sector either became polices or army. However, due to the limited sources that deal with the history and the role of Sikhs in the British colonial security forces in Malaysia’s history, many people are not aware of why the British colonials employed Sikhs as secuirty forces and not other races. Eagerness and trusts of the British in Sikhs as the martial race led to the involvement of the huge number of Sikhs in defence and security cross over the British colonies, namely, India, Canada, Fiji, Burma, Hong Kong, New Zeland, and Australia. As such, the involvement of the Sikhs in security sectors need to be examined in order to discern the impact of colonialism on the indigenious colony’s society. However, as the times passed, the Skhis as the martial race has been deterioated as their yought are not interested any more in their ancestor’s carier. This paper attempts to explore the history of the social involvement of Sikhs in the security forces in North Borneo, Sabah. The firt part of this paper begins with history of the involvement of Sikhs in the security sector since 1882, when the Registered North Borneo Company established Noth Bornea Constabulary Army (CBBU). The second part deals with the involvement of Sikhs in the prison management. This paper argues that the involvment of Sikhs in the security sector had a significant impact on the expansion and preservationof the British colonialism in North Borneo.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.004 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".