Changes in loading distribution in patients with Charcot foot during long-term follow-up
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background. The inactive stage of the diabetic Charcot arthropathy foot (CA) is characterised by fixed foot deformities and an absence of inflammation. However, it remains unclear if the shape of the foot and its biomechanics change during long-term follow-up.
 Aim. To evaluate changes in loading distribution of the affected foot, in patients with inactive CA, during long-term follow-up.
 Materials and methods. Twenty seven patients with unilateral inactive CA (19 females, 8 males) were studied. Computer pedography (emed AT, novel gmbh) was performed and baseline and the last studies were analysed. Maximal peak pressures (PP) were obtained for the first and the last studies and the percentage of the PP change was calculated for the total follow-up period and for periods: 24 months, 2448 months, 48 months.
 Results. PP increased: under the hallux 50%; 1st metatarsal30.7%; 2nd toe20%; 2nd toe6%; midfoot9%. PP decreased under 35 toes up to 67%. Significant changes at the first period were found under 35 toes only (62%). The increase in loading under the other parts of the foot appeared at 24 months; however, these changes became significant between 24 and 48 months and peaked after 48 months of follow-up. The maximal increase of PP was noticed under the hallux, the 2nd toe, metatarsals 13 and the midfoot.
 Conclusions. We revealed the gradual redistribution of PP, under the different parts of the foot, in patients with inactive CA. This redistribution reflects changes in the shape of the affected foot. The loading increased under the hallux, the 2nd toe and the corresponding metatarsals, 3rd metatarsal and midfoot, and decreased under the 35 toes. These changes increased during the follow-up, becoming more pronounced after 4 or more years. Our data may be useful for constructing custom-made footwear for patients with CA.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".