Bibliographic record
Abstract
The emergence of the public theatres in England during the last quarter of the sixteenth century reinvigorated the polemics against fiction which characterized the Reformation era. This chapter focuses on the 1590s, when the ‘private’ theatres were closed, and shows Marlowe in dialogue with Gosson as he strives extravagantly to go beyond the common. It then turns to Shakespeare, whose Venus and Adonis rejects the common, but whose most popular play, 1 Henry IV, created its appeal through its deliberate transgressions of rank, while offering a critique of popularity itself. In Hamlet this takes the form of a critique of the commonplace, as the aesthetic of the common stage is challenged by the reopened ‘private’ theatres. At the end of the decade, anthologies such as Bodenham's Belvedere provide a vernacular echo of Erasmus’ compilations at the beginning of the century as vehicles through which the common could achieve literary status.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.011 | 0.032 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.012 | 0.014 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.013 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.005 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.031 | 0.004 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".