La reforma de la sucesión a la Corona, en el Reino Unido de la Gran Bretaña y Norte de Irlanda, y en los «otros Reinos» de la Commonwealth of Nations
Bibliographic record
Abstract
El Reino Unido de la Gran Bretaña comparte Monarca con otros quince Reinos de la Mancomunidad de Naciones (Commonwealth of Nations), en un fenómeno que es descrito como «dieciséis Coronas separadas, aunque en unión personal». Desde al menos los años 70 se había venido apuntando la necesidad de adaptar las normas de sucesión a los principios de igualdad de género y libertad religiosa, expresa o implícitamente reconocidos en los Reinos a nivel constitucional. Sin embargo, razones de oportunidad habían venido oponiendo resistencia a la reforma. Entre esas razones, están el delicado equilibrio sobre el que la institución monárquica se asienta, tanto en dichos Estados como en el conjunto de la Commonwealth, así como el hecho de que tres varones protestantes ocupaban los primeros puestos en la sucesión de la longeva Isabel de Windsor. El compromiso y posterior matrimonio de los Duques de Cambridge fue lo que desencadenó el proceso de reforma, impulsado mediante Acuerdo de Perth en la Conferencia de Jefes de Gobierno de la Commonwealth en octubre de 2011. El presente trabajo aborda la complejidad de proceder a la reforma de un conjunto normativo originario del siglo XVIII pero que ha visto cómo con el paso de los siglos la realidad sobre la que se proyecta, la Corona Británica, ha evolucionado hacia dieciséis Coronas separadas y vinculadas a una Mancomunidad de Naciones conformada por más de 50 Estados, la mayoría de ellos repúblicas. Se analizará en detalle un proceso en el que han tenido protagonismo tanto cuestiones de oportunidad política, como dificultades de interpretación normativa. Como se verá, las particularidades sociopolíticas y culturales específicas de algunos de los Reinos, entre ellas las realidades federales o la especificidad de Quebec en Canadá, explican porqué el proceso de implementación del citado Acuerdo se prolongó hasta entrado el año 2015.The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland shares a Monarch with fifteen other Realms of the Commonwealth of Nations, in a phenomenon that is described as «sixteenth separated Crowns in personal union». Since the 1970s or earlier reference had been made to the need to adapt the laws of succession to the principles of gender equality and religious freedom expressly or implicitly recognised in the Kingdoms at a constitutional level. However, reasons of expediency had resulted in resistance to such reforms. Amongst these are the delicate balance which underpins the monarchic institution, both in these States and in the Commonwealth as a whole, as well as the fact that three Protestant males are the first in line to succeed the long-living Elizabeth of Windsor. The engagement and subsequent marriage of the Duke and Duchess of Cambridge was what triggered the reform process, promoted via the Perth Agreement at the Conference of Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting (CHOMG) in October 2011. This work addresses the complexity involved in the reform of a corpus of legislation dating back to the 18th century but which has seen how with the passage of time the reality upon which it is projected, the British Crown, has evolved into sixteen separate Crowns linked to a Community of Nations formed by over 50 States, most of them republics. There is detailed analysis of a process in which questions of both political expediency and difficulties of legal interpretation have played their part. As will be seen, the socio-political and cultural particularities specific to some of the Realms, such as the federal realities or the uniqueness of Quebec in Canada, explain why the process of implementation of the aforementioned Agreement extended into the year 2015.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.007 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.006 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".