Correlation of intracellular oxygen and cell metabolism by simultaneous PLIM of phosphorescent TLD1433 and FLIM of NAD(P)H
Bibliographic record
Abstract
During photodynamic therapy (PDT), disruption of cell respiration and metabolic changes could be one of the first events. Photophysical characteristics of the photosensitizer (PS) and its specific redox potential define consumption of molecular oxygen followed by generation of reactive oxygen species. The potential PS TLD1433 is based on transition metal Ru(II) and possess an oxygen-dependent luminescence. This enables the study of oxygen consumption by PS-phosphorescence lifetime imaging (PLIM) and simultaneously changes the cellular metabolic state by nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD(P)H)-fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIM). Within this study, localization and cellular function of TLD1433 is investigated in bladder carcinoma cells using time-resolved and confocal laser scanning microscopy. Simultaneous FLIM/PLIM of NAD(P)H and TLD1433 during PDT correlated oxygen consumption, redox state and cellular energy metabolism. Our investigations aimed to provide a personalized protocol in theranostic PDT procedures and demonstrate the potential use of TLD1433 PDT also under hypoxic conditions, which are otherwise difficult to treat.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".