Effect of Vibration on the Melting of Phase Change Material inside a Cylindrical Enclosure
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The present study reports a novel numerical work on the melting of phase change material (PCM) inside a cylindrical enclosure under the application of vibration. No such work is available in the existing literature. To simulate the melting of PCM inside a vertical cylindrical enclosure, the governing equations, namely, the conservation of mass, momentum, and energy equations are solved. In addition to that enthalpy-porosity method is used to model phase change of PCM. COMSOL Multiphysics software is used to simulate the melting behaviour of a PCM during vibration conditions. The objective of the present work is to observe the melting behaviour under the application of vibration. Melting behaviour of PCM inside a vertical cylindrical enclosure has been simulated first without vibration for comparison purpose. It has been observed that vibration affects the melting behaviour significantly. This study is applicable to battery thermal management for the hybrid vehicles where PCM can be used for controlling the temperature of the battery.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".