Cyanidin 3-<i>O</i>-glucoside prevents the development of maladaptive cardiac hypertrophy and diastolic heart dysfunction in 20-week-old spontaneously hypertensive rats
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The present study investigated the effects of cyanidin 3-O-glucoside (C3G) in cardiomyocytes (CM) and fibroblasts exposed to endothelin 1 (ET1), as well as in the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) model, alone or in combination with hydrochlorothiazide (HCT). Adult rat CM and cardiac fibroblasts (CF) were pretreated with C3G and co-incubated with ET1 (10-7 M) for 24 hours. Five-week-old male SHR and their normotensive controls, Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY), received one of 4 treatments via oral gavage daily for 15 weeks: (1) water (control); (2) C3G (10 mg per kg per day); (3) HCT (10 mg per kg per day); (4) C3G + HCT (10 mg per kg per day each). Blood pressure (BP) was measured at 1, 8 and 15 weeks. Echocardiography measurements were performed at 15 weeks. C3G prevented ET1-induced CM death and hypertrophy. Stimulating CF with ET1 did not induce their phenoconversion; nevertheless, C3G inhibited un-stimulated CF differentiation. HCT slowed the rise of systolic BP (SBP) in the SHR over time (week 1: SHRs control = 161 ± 6.3 mmHg, SHRs HCT = 129 ± 6.3 mmHg; week 15: SHRs control = 201 ± 7.3 mmHg, SHRs HCT = 168 ± 7.3 mmHg), but C3G had no effect on SBP (week 1: SHRs control = 161 ± 6.3 mmHg, SHRs C3G = 126 ± 6.3 mmHg; week 15: SHRs control = 201 ± 7.3 mmHg, SHRs C3G = 186 ± 7.3 mmHg). SHRs treated with C3G, HCT, and C3G + HCT had lower left ventricular mass and shorter isovolumetric relaxation time compared to control SHRs. C3G ameliorated cardiac hypertrophy and diastolic dysfunction in SHRs.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".